%% Import graphics
\usepackage{graphicx}

%% IEEEtran V1.6 and later pre-defines the format of the cite.sty package
%% \cite{} output to follow that of the IEEE.
\usepackage{cite}

%% For the `\url' command.
\usepackage{url}

% correct bad hyphenation here
\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}

%% To use colors.
\usepackage{xcolor}

%% To have links.
\usepackage[
  colorlinks,
  urlcolor=gray,
  citecolor=gray,
  linkcolor=gray,
  linktocpage]{hyperref}
\renewcommand\UrlFont{\rmfamily}

%% To have typewriter font
\usepackage{courier}